I am hearing a lot from people who are interested in moving to Italy with just one basic question – where do I start, what do I need to do first? The same I read a lot in many different expat groups.
So, I have decided to put together my experience of moving here with our family and prepare the steps as I see them. I hope that this list will help to guide the many who are still investigating their possible future here in Italy. Please note that this list is relevant for a move from EU country, being an EU citizen (which means that visa question is not touched here).
- First thing when a decision to move to Italy is made, is to get a codice fiscale. It is an identification code used here in Italy, it is created based on your existing personal data and usually you can get it at the embassy of Italy in your country free of charge. I know that there are several companies offering paid assistance, but honestly, I am sure that this step can be completed by yourself, saving some costs. This codice fiscale will be needed for everything – for rental contracts, purchasing property, purchasing a car etc. You get in in a A4 paper format – simple as that.
- Second thing of course is to find the location where you plan to live here in Italy – you need to understand which commune it will be since all further registration will be linked to this specific commune.
- Go to the commune in your selected location and check what is needed to register the residency. Italy is very diverse and there are cases when one commune is asking for something, but the other one is not – so just to be sure, check yourself.
- Get Italian phone number – you will need it to set up the bank account and manage different local communication. Choose a service provider that you can later use also for internet (if applicable), this way you will save some costs. I see that usually expats choose Vodafone or Tim, but feel free to check what you like most.
- Open a bank account in Italy – it is something that you may be needed once you apply for residency (step Nr.8), but it may be a bit different based on each commune. My commune asked me to show them Italian bank account, some others I know that are not asking for it. If you need to open a bank account in Italy, choose a bank that speaks English (in case you are not fluent in Italian), and be patient – you will need to sign millions of documents. And yes, you will need your Italian phone number at that moment. I am seeing expats using UniCredit as it is a very big bank and expat friendly. But, again, there are many other options available.
- Get a health insurance – it will be needed in case you are not planning to work immediately, and you do not have a business here in Italy. It will be asked by your commune when you request to register your residency (step Nr.8). There are many companies servicing expats, you can choose different covers based on your needs. And again, keep in mind that different communes have different requirements – I was asked to show my health insurance for me and all my family. Yet, I know that in some other commune, it was not requested.
- Then you need to understand how you will manage your living situation – do you plan to rent or purchase the property. Anyway, to get to step Nr.8 (getting residency), you need documents that prove your address here in Italy. If you are purchasing anything it will be the purchase contract, if you are renting – a rental contract where the owner agrees that you will register residency in his/her property.
- Getting residency. This can be done in your local commune, and it must be done also for EU citizens if they plan to reside here more than 3 months. For EU citizens the document that you must receive is called “attestator di soggiorno” and usually it takes 45 days to get it. You may be asked to present all documents/things from points 5-7 and some communes may ask for even more things. If you are not planning to work in Italy immediately, commune may also ask you to prove you have enough of money in your bank account to live there. Different communes may ask for different ways to confirm the money in your bank account – so make sure you check what yours needs.
Once you have submitted all the documents, you need to wait for a police officer visit in your address. This means that you cannot leave the country during those 45 days. Police will come unexpectedly, ask you a couple of questions and after that usually you get a notification that your residency is confirmed.
9. Once the residency confirmation notice is received, you need to go to commune, pay some fee (I think it is 16 EUR/per person) to get an A4 document confirming the registration of your residency.
10. And at that moment you can apply for carta d`identità – a plastic card that you use within Italy to identify yourself as a resident of Italy. You will need document picture for it, again pay some tax and within a couple of weeks the document will be ready. Keep in mind that it is not a travel document.
11. If you are not working, you are not studying and you do not have your company here in Italy, you have no possibility to register for national health system and receive tessera sanitaria. This is why the health insurance is needed (see paragraph Nr.6). Yet, once you change your status and start working, begin studies or establish a company here, you can apply for national health service and from that moment health insurance is purely optional. You can apply for Tessera Sanitaria in your closest ASL or USL branch, in your local Distretto (medical point).
12. Once a bit settled in, I suggest to order your plastic codice fiscale card. You order it at Italian tax agency (agenzia delle entrate) by submitting a form via email. You will receive the card during 1 month approximately, and it is totally free of charge.
13. Later on you may need to activate your SPID account. It is an electronic system that allows you to access different government systems, your health data etc. In order to be able to activate it you will need to select a service provider (there are several ones, all paid) and have valid Italian ID card and Codice Fiscale card. Activation is very fast and easy.
14. Another thing on the list, but quite later on, would be activation of your PEC email account. In Italy PEC email is equal to a registered letter and at some cases it can really be very useful. In order to do this you will again need to select a service provider (usually the same ones that offer SPID, all paid) and set up the email in just a few steps.
I would say that this is the basic list that everyone should be following in order not to miss anything or get messed up in the complex word of Italian bureaucracy.
Wishing all a calm and happy start of your Italian journey!